The fate of the camp and its residents, living near a Pentagon-run base close to the Jordanian and Iraqi borders, highlights the tussle for influence in the region between Russia and the United States.
It also exposes the same strategy of years of the bitter siege imposed on former opposition bastions by Moscow and Bashar Assad militias to push opposition to capitulate.
The camp's inhabitants, most of whom fled from Russian airstrikes when Moscow pounded towns in eastern Homs desert several years ago, say growing hunger and poverty as a result of the blocking of food supplies had forced most to leave.
“The situation is very, very bad and food supplies are not available,” said Mahmoud al Humeili, a prominent local figure in the camp who fled Homs.
Moscow says Washington is providing a safe haven for opposition fighters in the 55-km deconfliction zone set up by the Pentagon that is off-limits to regime' s militias.
Russian and Syrian militias have laid siege to the area, preventing smugglers and traders who once bribed their way across checkpoints to deliver essential food to the camp.
Russia set up “humanitarian corridors”, which it says will allow people to return home. The men living in the camp say if they leave, they face conscription to the military or worse.
“Thousands of internally displaced persons have now fled Rukban out of desperation, taking the risk of arrest by regime militias,” reported Etana, a leading Syrian policy research group based in Amman that gathers information from civil and military sources.
The group estimated that, as of July 23, there were about 11,000 people in the camp, compared to a UN estimate of 41,000 in February.
Washington wants to maintain a strategic foothold in an area close to a crucial supply route for Iranian weapons entering Syria from Iraq. Iranian backed militias are entrenched in the vast desert area around the zone, according to regional intelligence sources.
“Conditions are currently the worst in the history of the camp with the Assad regime and its Russian ally continuing to implement a starve or surrender strategy to force the camp’s occupants to leave,” Etana said.
Residents say Washington has abandoned them, and also accuse Jordan and the United Nations of not doing enough to protect them.
“If we feed them, it will look like we are going to stay there forever,” James Jeffrey, the US special representative for Syria, told the Washington Post on July 19. “We can’t commit to a long-term presence in al-Tanf or in anyplace else in Syria.”
Residents say at least 6,000 to 7,000 will remain because they face an uncertain future at the hands of the Assad militias if they returned home to regime-controlled areas.
“We will stay until the last breath because we fear what awaits us if we return to the regime,” said Shukri Shehab, a local camp official.
Many of those remaining would prefer to be evacuated to the last remaining opposition enclave in northwestern Syria.
UN humanitarian agency OCHA, which has avoided saying who was responsible for the worsening humanitarian plight of the camp residents, said food had already become a scarce, leading to high prices.
The report is from Reuters and edited to Orient Net English
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